Project Planning Management - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2454 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Management Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? Table of Contents Background Company Information Main Case Factors affecting sustainability Project Timeline Course Correction References Background As the population in cities increases, so does the number of vehicular trips made by people. As the road width is fixed at the time of city planning, the volume of traffic that can pass through is limited. The result is increasing traffic congestion in the city. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Project Planning Management" essay for you Create order This leads to increased commute time coupled with greater difficulty in commuting. Air passengers miss their flights stuck in traffic, ambulances have difficulty in taking emergency cases to the hospitals, and professionals reach late to office. Road rage, traffic accidents are some of the incidents experienced as commuters strive to reach their destinations at the earliest. A picture of chaos and lawlessness emerges; people become dehumanized to their environment. A pragmatic solution to problems of traffic is to discourage the use of private vehicles and encourage the use of public transportation. But it is easier said than done. Public transport has to be not only cheaper than private transport but also must be quicker/save time. Although modes like buses, auto rickshaws, bicycles may make economic sense, but they do not have any advantage in travel time over private vehicles. It is in this context that Mass Rapid Transit Systems (MRTS) come in. A rail base MRTS can be intro duced in any corridor where the level of traffic in any direction exceeds 20,000 persons per hour. However, MRTS are capital intensive and have long gestation periods. It is this reason why they have not been taken up on a large scale in many developing countries. The city of Delhi has experienced phenomenal growth of people (18 m) and vehicular population. Vehicular population increased from 5.62 lakh in 1981 to over 65 lakh today. About 1000 vehicles are added to Delhi roads every day. The heterogeneous nature of traffic has decreased vehicular speed. To cater to the needs of the public and to gear up the city for hosting the Commonwealth games in 2010, rail-based MRTS, named Delhi Metro was introduced in the city. With wide roads and ownership of most land with the govt., the city was suitable for introduction of rail based MRTS. Delhi Metro has had phenomenal success since its introduction in 2003. As airline travel grew rapidly in the early 2000s, the roads leading to the airports in most cities became congested. In Delhi, there were only a few buses that serviced the airport on route to and from other destinations. Further, Delhi was hosting the commonwealth games in 2010 that would increase the influx of tourists, spectators and media to the city through the airport. Therefore, to service such travelers, DMRC proposed to build a dedicated and high speed metro line, connecting the airport to the New Delhi railway station. The line would reduce travel time between the two places to 18 minutes from the 2 hours taken by road. This was the beginning of the airport express line. Company Information Delhi Airport Metro Express Private Limited was incorporated in 2008. It is a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) incorporated under the Indian Companies Act with joint venture between Reliance Infrastructure Limited and Construcciones Y Auxiliar De Ferrocarriles (CAF). CAF is also the technical partner and supplies the rolling stocks for the project. DAMEPL was awarded the contract on the basis of their highest quote for annual concession fees to be paid to DMRC. Reliance Infrastructure Ltd. held a 95 per cent stake in DAMEPL, with the remaining 5 percent held by CAF. Debt was arranged by the lead banker Axis Bank along with India Infrastructure Finance and eight other banks. The debt to equity ratio was 70:30. Corporate Identification Number U74210DL2008PTC176177 Name DELHI AIRPORT METRO EXPRESS PRIVATE LIMITED RoC RoC-Delhi Registration Number 176177 Company Category Company limited by shares Company Sub Category Indian Non-Government Company Class of Company Private Company Authorised Capital (in Rs.) 8,700,000,300 Paid up capital (in Rs.) 100,000 Number of Members(Applicable only in case of company without Share Capital) 0 Date of Incorporation 01 April 2008 Address 1 DELHI AIRPORT METRO EXPRESS DEPOT, NEAR SECTOR 8 Address 2 DMRC METRO STATION, SECTOR 21, DWARKA City NEW DELHI State Delhi Country INDIA Pin 110075 Whether listed or not Unlisted Date of Last AGM 20 September 2013 Date of Balance sheet 31 March 2013 Company Status (for eFiling) Active Main Case The Delhi Airport Express line was the first public-private partnership project in metro rail. The agreement was signed in 2008 between Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC) and Delhi Airport Metro Express Private Limited (DAMEPL). The 22.7 km line proposed to connect the New Delhi Railway station to the Delhi International Airport. The idea was to reduce the congestion on roads that led to the airport, and enable the passengers to continue their onward journey to/from the airport to the adjoining areas through the rail network. The DAEL was designed to be a dedicated high speed metro line (135 km/hr as opposed to 80 km/hr), with only 6 stations on a 22.7 km route so as to provide faster service. The line started from New Delhi railway station and ended about 4 km beyond the airport till Dwarka, a fast growing residential area. The line was to be commissioned by October 2010, in time for the Commonwealth games being held in New Delhi. Under the PPP agreement, Build Operate Transfer (BOT) model was followed whereby the concessionaire was to operate the line for a period of 30 years, build the extension line, and then hand over the project to the public sector. DMRC was well aware that the project costs would be prohibitively high. It had estimated that the concessionaire would not be able to recover all capital and operating costs from fares alone. To reduce the financial burden on the concessionaire, DMRC undertook the responsibility for building and financing all civil construction à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" including the viaduct, tunnels and the stations à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" while the private concessionaire was asked to finance operating systems à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" signaling system, track, rolling-stock, power distribution system etc. Land for real-estate development was also offered to concessionaires. Even this was thought to be insufficient to make the project financially viable as capital costs for operations alone were estimated to be USD 300 m. Therefore, there was a provision of additional capital subsidy from the govt. to make the project viable. DMRC invited bids from potential concessionaires on the basis of least requested amount of viability gap funding from the govt. The private concessionaire was expected to undertake a variety of risks including ridership ie the number of passengers using the system. Ridership was a key risk because it was the main source of revenue for the concessionaire. DMRC made a daily ridership estimate of 46,000 passengers in 2010, growing to 86,000 people per day in the next 10 years.(Exhibit 1). The forecasts were based on hourly counts of passengers at the airport terminals and surveys of departing and arriving air passengers about their starting/terminal destination. The contract was won by Reliance Energy- CAF consortium. CAF provided the rolling stock and held 5% equity in the project, with Reliance holding the rest. However, problems started emerging even before the operations could be started. Originally set to open by August 31, 2010, the line finally opened on Feb 23, 2011, after missing 4 previously set deadlines. The DMRC fined Reliance Infra 37.5 lakh every day from 30 September and 75 lakh every day from 31 October for repeatedly missing the deadlines. Further, the daily ridership projections came to naught. The average ridership remained at 11,000 persons per day, with a peak of 22,000. Such poor load factor doomed the project since the beginning. To compound the problems further, structural defects were found in the civil construction leading to , first reduction in speed to 105 km/hr, and then to complete halt of operations due to safety concerns from July 2012. The halting of operations led to a tense stand-off between the private concessionaire and DMRC. It ultimately culminated in the exit of the private party, with DMRC taking over the operations of the Airport Express Line. Operations resumed from Jan 2013. It was estimated that DAMEPL was running a loss of Rs 40 m every month. We examine the mistakes made in project planning, financing, and the role of external factors in affecting the feasibility of the project. Exhibit 1 Year 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Projected Ridership 46000 48970 52132 55498 59082 62897 66958 71281 75884 80784 86000 Actual Ridership 11000 11000 10069 12856 Factors affecting sustainability Cost structure: The high cost structure undermined the feasibility of the project from the very beginning. License fee: Rs 10,000 per annum Concession fee: Rs 510 million. It shall be increased every year by 5% Additional concession fee: Rs 30 million for retail space at concourse level of New Delhi and Shivaji Stadium station Cost of operation and maintenance of clearing house: To be shared between DMRC and DAMEPL. Revenue sharing: From COD (Commercial Operations Date), the following percentage of Gross Revenues would be apportioned to DMRC; One percent of Gross Revenue from first to fifth year Two percent of Gross Revenue from sixth to tenth year Three percent of Gross Revenue from eleventh to fifteenth year Five percent of Gross Revenue from sixteenth year onwards till Termination date Capital Structure Rs million Debt 20000 Subordinate debt 8000 Equity 0.1 Debt to Equity ratio to be maintained 30:70 Ridership: The overly optimistic forecast of daily ridership was the primary factor in the failure of the project. The average ridership remained at 11,000 persons per day, with a peak of 22,000 persons. It was assumed that the project would be able to capture up to 62% of the airline passengers. However, it was only able to capture 30% of the airport bound traffic. RITES, a Railwayà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s consultancy arm, had based its passenger numbers on the development of Aerocity ( a bunch of five-star hotels) around the Delhi airport, which was being developed by GMR on a public-private-partnership (PPP) basis. The Aero city never materialized. Low ridership was also because of poor frequency of trains. Instead of six trains, only four were made operational. The decision to close the line at 11:30 pm cut off many passengers who would be arriving/leaving late at night and in the early hour of the morning. Over-estimated returns: Instead of claiming viability gap funding, Reliance offered money to DMRC in the form of concession fee to operate the project. This was in contrast to the second highest bidder à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" LT-GE consortium à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" that asked for a subsidy of Rs 3460 m or interest free debt of Rs 14400 m for a longer term. The success of the project depended upon the ability of DAMEPL to execute real estate developments as planned. Revenues from real estate were expected to account for 70% of the total revenues in the initial years, and more than 50% of the total revenues during the entire concession period. However, revenues from real estate development were never realized. Technical problems: The Airport line has recorded 0.375 failures per route kilometer, which is high as compared to the Blue line of DMRC which has 0.14 failures per route kilometer. Time Cost-overruns: Non-availability of labor and heavy rains interrupted construction activity in Delhi. Further delays occurred in obtaining various clearances like safety and security. DAMEPL was given a one month extension on account of construction delays. But penalty was imposed subsequently for missing each deadline. DMRC imposed penalty on the concessionaire at the rate of Rs 3.75 m per day from September 2010 and Rs 7.5 m per day from Oct 31 2010. It led to a total estimated penalty of Rs 900 m. Exhibit 3 gives the implementation schedule. Exhibit 3: Project Implementation schedule Signing of Agreement Withing 60 days of LOA Financial Close Within 120 days of LOA Key dates and Milestone Dates Start of Design Interface with DMRC Contractors 30 days from LOA Completion of Design interface 6 months from LOA Completion of Design for execution 9 months Delivery of 1st train set 31-Oct-09 Testing of Rolling stock 31-Jan-10 Integrated Testing and Commissioning 1-Apr-10 Commissioning of Project COD 31-Jul-10 Actual Commissioning 23-Feb-11 Project Timeline Aug 2006: (DMRC) finalizes a detailed project report for the airport line Sep 2007: DMRC awards the first tenders for building the railway line 23 Jan 2008: DMRC awards a 30-year build-operate-transfer contract to the Reliance Energy led consortium with the Spanish railway equipment CAF Mar 2009: Delhi Airport Metro Express Pvt. Ltd, a special-purpose vehicle floated by Reliance Infrastructure Ltd (R-Infra) to build the airport line, says it has managed to raise the debt required for the project. Nov 2009: DMRC completes 95% of the tunneling and civil construction on the line and hands over the stations to concessionaire R-Infra for laying tracks. 31 Aug 2010: The airport line misses the first deadline to begin operations, but R-Infra is given a one-month extension on account of delays in handing over the stations by DMRC 30 Sep 2010: The line fails to get the mandatory safety clearance from the Commissioner of Metro Rail Safety (India). DMRC s laps a fine of Rs.37.5 lakh per day from 30 September on R-Infra for missing the deadline 10 Jan 2011: CMRS grants safety clearance to the airport line, except for the Dhaula Kuan and Delhi Aerocity stations 23 Feb 2011: The airport line starts its first train services from New Delhi railway station to terminal T3 of the Indira Gandhi International Airport 15 Aug 2011: CMRS grants safety clearance to Dhaula Kuan and Delhi Aerocity stations Dec 2011: DMRC managing director E. Sreedharan meets R-Infra executives to discuss the areas that need improvement, particularly the train coaches May 2012: DMRC chief Mangu Singh expresses dissatisfaction with the operation of the line Jun 2012: DMRC asks consultants Shirish Patel and Associates to conduct an inspection of the line due to safety concerns, after the operator reduces the speed of the trains from 105 kmph 7 Jul 2012: The operations suspended indefinitely for safety repairs. The ministry of urban development cons titutes a committee to investigate the defects in the civil construction of the railway line. January 2013: Operation resumed. Course Correction After taking over the operations of Airport Express line, DMRC has taken to following steps to improve the popularity and financial sustainability of the project: The frequency of trains was reduced from 15 to 10 and-a-half minutes Maximum speed was increased from 70 km/hr to 80 km/hr, reducing travel time by 19 minutes Parking facilities have been created at Aerocity Metro station; feeder bus services have also been started. The total number of train trips was increased from 148 to 166. In July 2014, it reduced fares by 40% Proposal to extend the line to IIFCO Chowk in Gurgaon and a Delhi-Alwar link to make the airport line operationally profitable. As a result of the steps being taken by DMRC, the total ridership per day has increased 28 % from 10,069 in July 2013 to 12,856 in June 2014. References https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/industry-and-economy/logistics/delhi-airport-metro-line-debacle-the-way-forward/article4966519.ece https://archive.indianexpress.com/news/delhi-metro-to-take-over-airport-express-link-from-midnight/1135868/ https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/airport-express-metro-ridership-rises-by-28-percent-114070101032_1.html https://www.iritm.indianrailways.gov.in/uploads/files/1373362608968-Project%20Report%203.pdf https://cdm.unfccc.int/filestorage/7/X/L/7XLGB5ATRZEIJN6K3DF8240VHUC9WQ/Efficient%20mode%20of%20public%20transportation%20by%20DAMEPL%2C%20India.pdf?t=Z0t8bmJycTJ2fDBZ8f7ANwVZ8iLyuKhP3cZR https://www.business-standard.com/article/finance/no-early-debt-recovery-for-lenders-on-airport-metro-line-113112000443_1.html

The Play Julius Caesar Performed In The Theatre In The

The play Julius Caesar performed in the theatre in the round, though captivating left the play confusing in some aspects. In this performance of Julius Caesar the time period was a bit confusion to pick out. Of course the original is supposed to be depicted in roman times of when there was a republic present as the government, but in many renditions of the play the director has changed the setting. The director of this play, Sara Becker, did not make it easy to pick out the intricate and general details of the performance. The theatre at which this play was performed was very small, which in a way made the audience feel even more a part of the act. The stage itself was simple, yet sophisticated in a way that it could be used for multiple†¦show more content†¦If you make bad choices of course the outcome will be what you make of it, but if you make good decisions and are responsible then you can have a good future. I do not think your future is set no matter what you choose t o do, I believe our future is based upon what we choose. Although it is very difficult to pick a protagonist and antagonist in this play of Julius Caesar, the protagonist seems to be Brutus and the two antagonists are Julius Caesar and Mark Antony. Brutus is trying to preserve the republic of Rome and does everything he does for what he thinks is the good of Rome. His actions of helping kill Caesar, in his mind, are all good and show the theme of the struggle of power, but also in a way the free will Brutus had to use to choose to kill Caesar. Both Julius Caesar and Mark Antony are shown trying to become tyrants in the eyes of Brutus and Cassius. Every action that is portrayed shows that they all are struggling for who will be in power and if it is their fate or free will that will make this possible. The primary conflict between the protagonist and antagonist in this play was definitely who would be in power over Rome. 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New Product Development at Apple

Question: Critically evaluate methods of planning and organising efficient operations and networking. Analyse the problems of controlling component activities and of controlling quality . Critically discuss methods of project evaluation and of scheduling resources. Answer: Introduction The product and the services are the most important part of an organization. In the organization, the product and services are considered as the main source of innovation. In this report, the Apple Company and its newly launched product iPhone 5 is selected for the thorough analysis. To highlight the main products available in the company, the portfolio is required. The portfolio is an aspect in which the complete description of the product is defined. The different types of products with their price are shown in the portfolios, which are mainly offered by the company. As the technology and the competitive environment is increasing day by day, so with this, the demands of the customers are also increasing. So, it is the responsibility of the operation manager to analyze the portfolio to search the aspects which may helpful in launching the new products. Through this, the required changes can also be identified. The report shown below mainly covers the methods of planning and organizi ng the operations, common problems related to the components, evaluation of the project and scheduling resources and many other aspects related to the products. Major Aspects of the product This section is helpful in showing the complete information about the process, importance, aims and objectives of the product. The initialization of the product modification up to the completion of the modification is defined in this section. In this section, the modification of the existing product will be defined (Agarwal, 2012). The product which is considered for the modification is iPhone 5. The iPhone 5 is considered as the innovative and newly launched product of the Apple. The product is equipped with the most advanced features and also provides the customers with the different facilities. Though the product is launched in very few countries, but the customers seem to be interested in the product. The customers also provide with the suitable feedback to the manufacturers (i.e. Apple) for improving some of the features of the product (i.e. IPhone 5). So, this product is selected because there are chances of improvement or modification in this product (Sanadze, 2010). Importance The product is considered as important, because it is highlighting the innovating techniques through the products. By this, it becomes easier to generate the most appropriate revenues and the financial platform of the company also strengthens. The product is also capable of giving the strong competition to the competitors on the global as well as the local level. Due to the process, the product can able to achieve the high speed, management of the operating system can become easier and different applications in the iPhone can easily be operated. Aims/Objectives The major aim behind designing the iPhone 5 is to prepare the product in such a manner so that the product can able to compete with the competitors who are introducing the same featured products with the lowest price in the market (Ascroft, 2013). As the product is created with the innovative technique and the new aspects, so the products also follows the well -defined design structure. By this, the chances of issues and problems may easily reduce. Another aim for selecting the process from the product is that the different steps followed in the designing of the products are helpful in providing the suitable solution too. Stages of product/Service The process of designing the product (i.e. IPhone 5) shows various stages or steps. To modify the product, it is essential to identify them. On the basis of the customer feedback, the process of the modification can be completed very easily. The stages are almost similar in all the countries. But, the basic difference is related to the manufacturing of the product in different countries. In contrast to the U.K, the important steps like the paired design meetings, pixel perfect mock -ups and the Pony meetings are taken into consideration. Synthesis, analysis, selection, basic engineering, detail design are some of the important steps which are helpful in completing the designing phase of the product. The special steps in creating the products also provide the positive input to the products. Methods for planning and efficient operations While developing the product, it is also essential to identify the suitable planning and the efficient operations too. By this, the evaluation may also become easier. Managing the efficient operations and networking is not considered as an easy task. The appropriate functioning of the iPhone 5 is essential, because it is considered as the brand name (Francis, 2015). To highlight the major facts related to the working of the iPhone 5, the planning and the efficient operations are required. The Apple is the master in providing the aspects related to the Quantum strategy, so that the products can be developed in a most appropriate manner. For the operation related to the product, the efficiency in the product is also considered as the major aspect. To perform the operational management, two types of methodology are mainly defined. These are the vertical and horizontal manner of the operational management. It depends upon the requirement of the company that which type of product they mai nly prefer. Generally for designing of the product and for performing the modification, two different theories related to the operational management are used. They are TQM and Lena and the Globalization, Green and the Supply chain management. Both these theories are helpful in providing the operational perspectives to the organization. The TQM is well focused towards the creativity and the continuous improvement in aspects through the learning process and the second theory, mainly focus on the globalization and the supply chain management (Jones, 2012). Through these theories, the organization tries to maintain the flow of the product and also provide the positive perspective to the operational management. But, with the positive influences there are some negative influences too, which can hinder the growth of the product. The suitable flow of the operational management and the identification of the most suitable theory for the modification of the product are tough to find out, so at this stage, the operational management seems to be in a critical phase. The networking is also considered on a very wide level. There are various networking aspects which the company may use to provide the suitable solutions to the customers. For efficient working of the products, the Apple mainly provides the Software Distribution networking system. Under this system, the designing of the product can easily be done. This system is efficient for the development as well as for the future modification of the product. The most prominent tools which can use for the product designing are Apple remote desktop 3, Apple software update server (SUS), MAC OS X and many more (Financesonline Team, 2016). By using these networking controlling tools, the product designing and the modification can become possible. The positive aspects are clearly defined, but with this, there are some negative aspects too. The main issue is related to the maintenance of the technical framework. Both products designing and the modification requires the well qualified technical persons to handle the technical issues. Similarly, these technologies also require the continuous up-gradations, which need some investment. Due to this, sometimes it becomes difficult to maintain the product (Apple Inc., 2008). Problems of component activities and controlling quality In the designing and modification of the product, the controlling quality and the problems related to the component activities are considered as an important aspect. Components are considered as those parts which are used in the Android phones to manage the phone and also make the working of phone full-fledged. The component activities for the iPhone 5 mainly provide some of the unique aspects. Services are the unique aspect which helps in providing the more technical independent threads to the users who are using the iPhone 5. The component named as the content provider is helpful in managing the huge amount of data on the iPhone. The intent and the broadcast receiver is the component which is helpful in storing the suitable messages and managing them. To control all these aspects simultaneously is considered as the toughest job. The methods of controlling is quite different for the different phones because all of them possess a different Operating System (Kilpatrick, 2015). The common issues which are identified in the product while modifications in reference to the component controlling are the mechanism on which the component is working, the management of the broadcast receivers so that the product (i.e. IPhone 5) can easily manage the MP3, MP4 and various types of video players too. To control these component activities, the technical knowledge is the compulsion. Not only the technical knowledge, the core technical aspects related to the component activities are essential to define. The quality controlling is another aspect which is also to be defined while modifying the product. There are two aspects: if a complete product will be prepared in house, then there is no need for quality control, but if the product is built in different stages than there is a requirement for the quality check of the product. As it is clear in the paragraphs above that the iPhone 5 still need some improvements and the modifications. The common methods of controlling the quality are the sequential steps to check the product, identification of the common issues in the product and many other methods. The positive aspect of the quality control will be that it is helpful in providing the suitable end product to the customers. Whereas, the negative aspect of the quality control will be that, due to the modification of the product (i.e. IPhone 5), the company has to pay the extra cost which will lead to the heavy loss for the company. Project evaluation and Scheduling resources The evaluation of the project and the scheduling of the resources also plays an important role in the operational management. There are various techniques defined in the evaluation of the project. The most common of them are the formative method and Summative method of the evaluation. The formative method is helpful in deciding the future development and the summative evaluation will take place after the completion of the project to appraise the success of the current project. Both of this evaluation are helpful in defining the different phases of the project. The changes which occur during the modification of the product are also identified through these evaluations (Macs Team, 2014). The positive aspect of this evaluation will be that it may be helpful in evaluating the suitable modifications which will occur, but the negative aspect is that the evaluation related to the product is sometimes not sufficient for the modification of the product. The evaluation sometimes lacks in provi ding the product information. The Scheduling of resources is the most essential part of the operational management. In this, all the available resources are scheduled according to the requirement. The various resources are collected and then the major resources are arranged according to the requirement for the product modification. In the resource scheduling, mainly three steps are followed, which are named as the allocation, aggregation and the scheduling. The allocation is the process in which the different resources are allotted for the modification of the product. In the aggregation phase, the different resources are combined to provide the modification aspects and finally the scheduling is the step in which the resources are provided according to the requirement (IPMA, 2015). The positive aspect is that the sequential solution can be provided by the scheduling resources, but the negative aspect is that due to the scheduling, the time management is getting more complex. Impact of Performance Objectives The performance objectives are decided on the initial stage only and with the development of the project, these objectives should also be improved. The positive impact of the performance objectives can easily solve the issues and also helps in maintaining the suitable aspects related to the project and modification of the product. Bibliography Agarwal, A., 2012. New product development at Apple. New product development, 04 December. Apple Inc., 2008. Solutions for Systems Management, s.l.: Apple. Ascroft, J., 2013. Apple from the iPod to the iPad, s.l.: s.n. Financesonline Team, 2016. How iPhone Is Made: The Global Assembly Line. [Online] Available at: https://financesonline.com/hello-world-the-economics-of-iphone/ Francis, H., 2015. Four charts that explain why the iPhone is so important to Apple. iPhone is so important to Apple, 07 September. IPMA, 2015. Resource scheduling. [Online] Available at: https://knowledge.apm.org.uk/bok/resource-scheduling-0 Jones, B., 2012. Whats the significance of the iPhone 5. Significance of the iPhone 5, 18 September. Kilpatrick, G., 2015. Product Design, Product Manufacturing And Product Quality Control Issues. Product Design, Product Manufacturing And Product Quality Control Issues, pp. 1-9. Macs Team, 2014. Evaluation Techniques, s.l.: s.n. Sanadze, A., 2010. Scheduling Resources. [Online] Available at: https://www.slideshare.net/KKKKK1589/scheduling-resources

The Power of Free Speech

Thesis Statement While free speech can help in creating a progressive society uncontrolled free speech acts as a destructive force that can incite hate, anger and violence which as a result requires it to be limited to certain justifiable boundaries.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Power of Free Speech specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Introduction The concept of the Freedom of Speech is attributed to being a fundamental human right wherein people are given the ability to exchange ideas, information or concepts without fear of censorship or interference. In fact, it is a first Amendment right within the U.S. which prevents the government from establishing laws that infringe upon an individual’s inherent right to free speech and peaceful petition. It must be noted though that despite the Freedom of Speech being a first Amendment right, subsequent amendments to the constitution as well as various historic al acts such as the Sedition Act of 1798 and the Espionage Act of 1917 have as a result limited the application of the Freedom of Speech to certain boundaries (Peck, 1). The reason behind this is rather simple, as a fundamental human right available to a human being from birth the Freedom of Speech can, and most often is, abused in order to pursue a personal or group goal. Governments as Protectors of Social Stability What must be understood is that governments are protectors of their citizens in that their main purpose is to ensure the continued existence of the country and the stability of society. It is due to this role that governments play that in order to ensure social stability various laws and acts are usually implemented which control certain freedoms in order to ensure continued peace and stability.Advertising Looking for essay on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This explains why certain acts crea ted to limit the Freedom of Speech have been imposed in various cases in U.S. history due to the need to limit the possible destabilizing effects that the Freedom of Speech can bring on a case to case basis. Based on this it can be said that while free speech can help in creating a progressive society uncontrolled free speech acts as a destructive force that can incite hate, anger and violence which as a result requires it to be limited to certain justifiable boundaries. Justifying the Limitation of Free Speech As mentioned earlier, free speech can either act as a great instrument for progressive social change or violent social consequences depending on its use. Limitations to free speech should thus be created in terms of their intended social consequences and be justifiable rather than a generalized limitation on certain topics. For example the protest of the Westboro Baptist church members at the funeral of Marine Lance Corporal Mathew Synder should have been prevented due to the intended social consequence of creating discrimination against homosexual groups (Hines, 1). The purpose of such a protest was obviously to continue to propagate the idea of hate and bias against the homosexual population and as such can be considered an abuse of an inherent right. Similarly the portrayal of President Obama as a chimpanzee being shot in a recently published newspaper article is equally an abuse of rights since it directly connects to the various events suffered by the African American people that constitute racial prejudice and discrimination (Delonas, 1). What must be understood is that while there are various critics who state that the right to free speech should be defended the fact remains that its utilization as a platform for the spread of chaotic and hateful ideas prevents it from becoming a right that doesn’t need to be limited.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Power of Free Speech specifically for you for only $16 .05 $11/page Learn More Allowing the uncontrolled spread of socially damaging ideas and causes not only creates societal destabilization as seen in the various cases in the Middle East but incites various groups to spread hate filled messages which do not have any positive effect on society. Free Speech as a Powerful Tool for Change What must be understood is that speech is a powerful tool for change; it can start profound social and political changes within a nation or even society as a whole which at times is detrimental towards prospective goals set by governments. For example, the recent revolution in Egypt which toppled the regime of Hosni Mubarak was itself caused by the power of speech inciting the masses towards revolution (Scaliger, 15). In fact the current changes happening in the Middle East today are a direct result of the ideas carried by the power speech from country to country resulting in revolutions which have toppled numerous long time government reg imes. The power of speech has also been known to exact social change wherein the â€Å"Green Movement† has started changes in behaviors attributed towards greater awareness for environmental problems, environmental care and the need to use methods of resource conservation. From this it can be seen that the power of speech is truly profound however based on the example of Egypt and the Middle East it can be a cause for concern for various governments since uncontrolled free speech can and will result in actions which may disrupt various plans that the government has set into motion. Justifying the need for Free Speech The fact is the Freedom of Speech, in its ideal form, acts as an integral component in a check and balances system that ensures that the government acts for the benefit of the public.Advertising Looking for essay on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More By ensuring that important public issues such as war, economic rights and other societal issues are allowed to be discussed openly and without censorship this in effect guides public opinion either for or against particular government mandates or actions. This limits the ability of the government to act on various whims and interests since it must always take public opinion into consideration before it accomplishes certain actions. This in effect creates a balanced system wherein the government continues to be accountable to the people through the use of the Freedom of Speech. For example, legislation in the U.S. preventing various offshore drilling activities was actually brought about through the â€Å"Green Movement† and mass public opinion against the possible environmental damage it would cause. Not All Aspects of Free Speech Are Socially Beneficial What must be understood though is that certain limitations must be put into effect on particular aspects of the Freedom of Speech since not all activities created through it can be deemed as socially beneficial. Due to its role as a poretector of societal stability the government has the responsibility to ensure that elements which destabilize society are limited in order to ensure the propagation of social harmony. For example, the case of the arrest of the Ku Klux Kan leader in the Brandenburg v. Ohio case is a clear example of the government performing its role as a social protector by limiting actions (racial hatred) that creates strife and destabilization in society (Peck, 1). It is based on cases such as this that certain justifiable limitations on the Freedom of Speech can be implemented so long as they are meant to prevent the spread of socially destabilizing messages of hatred, bias and anger. Conclusion Based on the facts presented it can be seen that the Freedom of Speech is an essential concept to society since it acts as a platform of not only the free exchange of information, ideas and con cepts but also as an integral part of a checks and balances system between society and the government. What must be understood though is that Freedom of Speech can easily be abused in order to spread messages detrimental towards continued societal harmony. It is due to this that the government, acting as a protector of societal stability, needs to impose certain justifiable limitations on the utilization of the Freedom of Speech in order to ensure that any action incited by free speech does not damage the current peaceful societal structure we enjoy today. Works Cited Delonas, Sean.â€Å" New York Post cartoon.† blogs.timeslive.co.za. Web. Hines, Debbie.â€Å"Free Speech is Superior to a Family’s Right to Privacy†. Opednews. Web. Peck, Robert.â€Å" The First Amendment Advocacy of Violence.† firstamendmentcenter.com. Web. Scaliger, Charles. â€Å"EGYPT’S PRESENT PATH.† New American. 27.7 (2011): 15. MasterFILE Complete. EBSCO. Web. This essay on The Power of Free Speech was written and submitted by user Riya Mayer to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.